Pomocí CSS lze odkazy stylizovat mnoha různými způsoby.
Odkazy lze upravit pomocí libovolné vlastnosti CSS (např. color
, font-family
, pozadí
atd.).
a {
color: hotpink;
}
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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
a {
color: hotpink;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h2>Style a link with a color</h2>
<p><b><a href="default.asp" target="_blank">This is a link</a></b></p>
</body>
</html>
Odkazy lze navíc stylizovat se liší podle toho, v jakém stavu se nacházejí.
Čtyři stavy odkazů jsou:
a:link
- běžný, nenavštívený odkaz
a:visited
- odkaz, který uživatel navštívil
a:hover
- odkaz, když na něj uživatel najede myší
a:active
- odkaz v okamžiku kliknutí
/* unvisited link */
a:link {
color: red;
}
/* visited
link */
a:visited {
color: green;
}
/* mouse over link */
a:hover {
color: hotpink;
}
/* selected link */
a:active {
color: blue;
}
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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
/* unvisited link */
a:link {
color: red;
}
/* visited link */
a:visited {
color: green;
}
/* mouse over link */
a:hover {
color: hotpink;
}
/* selected link */
a:active {
color: blue;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h2>Styling a link depending on state</h2>
<p><b><a href="default.asp" target="_blank">This is a link</a></b></p>
<p><b>Note:</b> a:hover MUST come after a:link and a:visited in the CSS definition in order to be effective.</p>
<p><b>Note:</b> a:active MUST come after a:hover in the CSS definition in order to be effective.</p>
</body>
</html>
Při nastavování stylu pro několik stavů odkazu existují určitá pravidla pro pořadí:
a:hover MUSÍ následovat po a:odkaz a:navštívené
a:active MUSÍ přijít po a:hover
Vlastnost text-decoration
se většinou používá k odstranění podtržení z odkazů:
a:link {
text-decoration: none;
}
a:visited {
text-decoration: none;
}
a:hover {
text-decoration: underline;
}
a:active {
text-decoration: underline;
}
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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
a:link {
text-decoration: none;
}
a:visited {
text-decoration: none;
}
a:hover {
text-decoration: underline;
}
a:active {
text-decoration: underline;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h2>Styling a link with text-decoration property</h2>
<p><b><a href="default.asp" target="_blank">This is a link</a></b></p>
<p><b>Note:</b> a:hover MUST come after a:link and a:visited in the CSS definition in order to be effective.</p>
<p><b>Note:</b> a:active MUST come after a:hover in the CSS definition in order to be effective.</p>
</body>
</html>
Vlastnost background-color
lze použít k určení barvy pozadí pro odkazy:
a:link {
background-color: yellow;
}
a:visited {
background-color: cyan;
}
a:hover {
background-color: lightgreen;
}
a:active {
background-color: hotpink;
}
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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
a:link {
background-color: yellow;
}
a:visited {
background-color: cyan;
}
a:hover {
background-color: lightgreen;
}
a:active {
background-color: hotpink;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h2>Styling a link with background-color property</h2>
<p><b><a href="default.asp" target="_blank">This is a link</a></b></p>
<p><b>Note:</b> a:hover MUST come after a:link and a:visited in the CSS definition in order to be effective.</p>
<p><b>Note:</b> a:active MUST come after a:hover in the CSS definition in order to be effective.</p>
</body>
</html>
Tento příklad ukazuje pokročilejší příklad, kdy kombinujeme několik vlastností CSS, abychom zobrazili odkazy jako rámečky/tlačítka:
a:link, a:visited {
background-color: #f44336;
color: white;
padding: 14px 25px;
text-align: center;
text-decoration: none;
display: inline-block;
}
a:hover, a:active {
background-color: red;
}
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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
a:link, a:visited {
background-color: #f44336;
color: white;
padding: 14px 25px;
text-align: center;
text-decoration: none;
display: inline-block;
}
a:hover, a:active {
background-color: red;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h2>Link Button</h2>
<p>A link styled as a button:</p>
<a href="default.asp" target="_blank">This is a link</a>
</body>
</html>
Tento příklad ukazuje, jak přidat další styly do hypertextových odkazů:
a.one:link {color: #ff0000;}
a.one:visited {color: #0000ff;}
a.one:hover
{color: #ffcc00;}
a.two:link {color: #ff0000;}
a.two:visited {color:
#0000ff;}
a.two:hover {font-size: 150%;}
a.three:link {color:
#ff0000;}
a.three:visited {color: #0000ff;}
a.three:hover {background:
#66ff66;}
a.four:link {color: #ff0000;}
a.four:visited {color:
#0000ff;}
a.four:hover {font-family: monospace;}
a.five:link {color:
#ff0000; text-decoration: none;}
a.five:visited {color: #0000ff;
text-decoration: none;}
a.five:hover {text-decoration: underline;}
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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
a.one:link {color:#ff0000;}
a.one:visited {color:#0000ff;}
a.one:hover {color:#ffcc00;}
a.two:link {color:#ff0000;}
a.two:visited {color:#0000ff;}
a.two:hover {font-size:150%;}
a.three:link {color:#ff0000;}
a.three:visited {color:#0000ff;}
a.three:hover {background:#66ff66;}
a.four:link {color:#ff0000;}
a.four:visited {color:#0000ff;}
a.four:hover {font-family:monospace;}
a.five:link {color:#ff0000;text-decoration:none;}
a.five:visited {color:#0000ff;text-decoration:none;}
a.five:hover {text-decoration:underline;}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h2>Styling Links</h2>
<p>Mouse over the links and watch them change layout:</p>
<p><b><a class="one" href="default.asp" target="_blank">This link changes color</a></b></p>
<p><b><a class="two" href="default.asp" target="_blank">This link changes font-size</a></b></p>
<p><b><a class="three" href="default.asp" target="_blank">This link changes background-color</a></b></p>
<p><b><a class="four" href="default.asp" target="_blank">This link changes font-family</a></b></p>
<p><b><a class="five" href="default.asp" target="_blank">This link changes text-decoration</a></b></p>
</body>
</html>
Další příklad, jak vytvořit odkazová pole/tlačítka:
a:link, a:visited {
background-color: white;
color: black;
border: 2px solid green;
padding: 10px 20px;
text-align:
center;
text-decoration: none;
display: inline-block;
}
a:hover, a:active
{
background-color: green;
color: white;
}
Zkuste to sami →
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
a:link, a:visited {
background-color: white;
color: black;
border: 2px solid green;
padding: 10px 20px;
text-align: center;
text-decoration: none;
display: inline-block;
}
a:hover, a:active {
background-color: green;
color: white;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h2>Link Button</h2>
<a href="default.asp" target="_blank">This is a link</a>
</body>
</html>
Tento příklad ukazuje různé typy kurzorů (může být užitečné pro odkazy):
<span style="cursor: auto">auto</span><br>
<span style="cursor:
crosshair">crosshair</span><br>
<span style="cursor:
default">default</span><br>
<span style="cursor: e-resize">e-resize</span><br>
<span style="cursor: help">help</span><br>
<span style="cursor:
move">move</span><br>
<span style="cursor: n-resize">n-resize</span><br>
<span style="cursor: ne-resize">ne-resize</span><br>
<span style="cursor:
nw-resize">nw-resize</span><br>
<span style="cursor:
pointer">pointer</span><br>
<span style="cursor: progress">progress</span><br>
<span style="cursor: s-resize">s-resize</span><br>
<span style="cursor:
se-resize">se-resize</span><br>
<span style="cursor: sw-resize">sw-resize</span><br>
<span style="cursor: text">text</span><br>
<span style="cursor:
w-resize">w-resize</span><br>
<span style="cursor: wait">wait</span>
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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>
<h2>The cursor Property</h2>
<p>Mouse over the words to change the cursor.</p>
<span style="cursor:auto">auto</span><br>
<span style="cursor:crosshair">crosshair</span><br>
<span style="cursor:default">default</span><br>
<span style="cursor:e-resize">e-resize</span><br>
<span style="cursor:help">help</span><br>
<span style="cursor:move">move</span><br>
<span style="cursor:n-resize">n-resize</span><br>
<span style="cursor:ne-resize">ne-resize</span><br>
<span style="cursor:nw-resize">nw-resize</span><br>
<span style="cursor:pointer">pointer</span><br>
<span style="cursor:progress">progress</span><br>
<span style="cursor:s-resize">s-resize</span><br>
<span style="cursor:se-resize">se-resize</span><br>
<span style="cursor:sw-resize">sw-resize</span><br>
<span style="cursor:text">text</span><br>
<span style="cursor:w-resize">w-resize</span><br>
<span style="cursor:wait">wait</span><br>
</body>
</html>